First Aid

This section of the website aims to give members of the public basic advice on how to treat minor burn injuries.  If in doubt call NHS 111 or your GP for advice. 

In the case of more serious burns, visit your nearest Emergency Department or dial 999 as soon as possible.  Carrying out the first aid tasks listed below as soon as possible can also reduce the long term affects of burn injuries in relation to scaring.  If the burn injury is serious or meets the criteria for specialised burn care, the Emergency Doctor will contact the Specialised Burns Service for advice and possible transfer to the most appropriate burn service.

An overview of First Aid for Burns, advice on when to go to hospital, types of burns, complications and prevention can be found on the NHS website: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/burns-and-scalds/treatment/ 

What to do if you have a burn injury

Fire can be dangerous. Aways be careful around open flames as clothes can catch fire. If this happens - Don't panic. STOP what you are doing as rapid movement can make the fire worse. 
DROP to the ground whilst covering your face
and ROLL back and forth until the fire has gone out. Call NHS 111 for immediate advice.

What should you do if you have a burn or scald injury? The answer is COOL, CALL, COVER. COOL the burn area as quickly as possible with cool running water for at least 20 minutes, CALL NHS 111 to get advice on what to do next, COVER the burn loosely with cling film or a sterile non-fluffy dressing. If the burn has caused a blister, seek medical attention immediately.

If a burn has a blister or the blister has burst it is now an open wound and can become infected if not kept clean.  Always look out for signs of infection in a burn.  Is the wound uncomfortable, painful or smelly.  Is it swollen or hot to touch?  Has the skin turned red or is there a rash around the burn.   Is there any discharge or pus?  Do you have a high temperature or are experiencing shivers, vomiting or diarrhoea.   If yes, your burn wound may be infected.   Seek medical attention as soon as possible.

 

Burns First Aid and Prevention Video

(courtesy of the Burns Service team at Newcastle Upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust)

First Aid

First Aid should ideally be performed within twenty minutes of the burn injury.  However, cooling the burn can still be effective up to three hours post injury.

First Aid for Burns and Scalds

Do's

Don'ts

Stop the burning as soon as possible, for example by dousing the flames or removing the person from the area

Do not put yourself at risk

Remove any clothing that surrounds the burn

Do not attempt to remove clothing if it is stuck to the skin. You should leave this for medical staff to remove

Remove any jewellery which is near the burn site. But only do this if you can safely remove it without causing any damage to the burn

Do not pull or tug at clothing which is stuck to the skin as can cause further complications

Cool the burn down immediately. You should place the affected area in cool water or under a gently running cold tap for at least 20 minutes

Never place a child in a bath full of cold water. This can cause them to go into shock and other complications

Keep the person warm by using a blanket or layers of clothing.

Do not use ice

Cover the burn with cling film as a layer over the burn.  

Burns can be left uncovered unless they are in a place where it is difficult to keep clean. Use a non-adhesive (non-sticky) dressing for temporary coverage if you need to cover a minor burn or scald.

Do not use any ointment or cream on the burn. And never use butter, oil, spray or any other household medicineDo not use ice

Seek medical help by calling 111 or visiting a GP

Avoid putting blankets or layers of clothing directly on the burn

Attend the nearest Emergency Department or dial 999 for more severe burn injuries

Avoid wrapping cling film around any joints when wrapping it around a limb and do not apply to the face

Most small burns will heal themselves.  

If a burn has not healed within two weeks, seek medical attention as there can be a risk of sepsis

Never burst or pop any blisters on a burn, as this can lead to an infection.

If the patient has not had a full course of tetanus immunisation, or boosters are not up to date, contact GP

 

Page last reviewed: 20 May 2026
Page created: 08 January 2024